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Petrography and Applied Materials Science of Natural Stones
Major: Fine Arts, Decorative Art, Restoration
Code of subject: 6.023.00.O.023
Credits: 4.00
Department: Chemical Technology of Silicate Materials
Lecturer: assoc. prof. Semegen Roman Ivanovych
Semester: 4 семестр
Mode of study: денна
Завдання: 1. Know the main petrographic characteristics, the relationship between the composition, structure and properties of architectural and finishing materials.
2. To be able to apply knowledge and understanding of petrography to solve a complex of practical problems in the field of restoration.
3. To be able to characterize the classes of stone materials and their properties.
5. It is scientifically justified to choose restoration materials for cleaning, restoration and further exploitation of architectural monuments and works of art made of natural stone.
6. To know the methods of identification of stone materials.
7. Know the methods of protecting natural stone materials from corrosion.
Learning outcomes: - the main types of natural stone materials and their petrographic features;
- methods for evaluating the properties of natural stone materials and products;
- basic parameters of identification of materials by the method of X-ray diffraction analysis;
- to characterize materials based on natural stone materials;
- possess methods of assessing the quality of materials;
- to use the basic principles of the theory of the symmetry of the internal structure of crystals and its relation with their external form;
- to distinguish between the types of elementary cells as the basis of the structure of crystalline substances;
- use the principles of coordination of material particles in the construction of their crystalline structures;
- to establish the relationship between the composition, structure and properties of crystalline substances;
- It is rational to approach the selection of raw materials and parameters of the technological processes of working with stone from the positions of petrography.
Required prior and related subjects: – Physics
– Specialty Chemistry
Summary of the subject: Тask and role of the course of petrography. The notion of rocks. Basic properties of rocks and their comparative analysis. Minerals and rocks. Morphology of minerals and their aggregates.
Methods of determination of rocks. Physical properties of minerals. Density
Relationship of properties with crystalline structure, chemical composition. Optical properties of crystals. Mineral color.
Crystal-optical analysis. Classification of microscopes by design and research principle.
The concept of a crystal and a crystalline substance, their basic properties. Symmetry of crystals.
Fence of ideal crystals. Simple forms and combinations. Forms of real crystals. Gaoy's law. Crystallographic axes. The symbols of the faces
Classification of rocks by origin. Relationship between conditions of the formation of rocks, their structure and properties. A brief analysis of the use of rocks in architecture.
The main types of igneous rocks. Forms of their occurrence, composition, structure and texture of igneous rocks.
The main types of sedimentary rocks. Forms of their occurrence, structure, structure and texture of sedimentary rocks.
The main types of metamorphic rocks. Forms of their occurrence, structure, structure and texture of metamorphic rocks. The prevalence and description of metamorphic rocks. Reasons for the diversity of metamorphic rocks.
Опис: 1. Tasks and role of the course. The concept of rocks. The main properties of rocks and their comparative analysis. Minerals and rocks. Morphology of minerals and their aggregates. Composition and structure of the lithosphere. Endo- and exogenous processes. Mineral formation. Metamorphic processes of mineral formation. Crystal-chemical classification of minerals.
2. Methods of determining rocks. Physical properties of minerals. Density Hardness. Cleavage Relationship of properties with crystal structure, chemical composition. Optical properties of crystals. Color of minerals. Line color. Crystal optical analysis. Classification of microscopes by design and principle of research. Types of micropreparations.
3. The concept of crystal and crystalline substance, their main properties. Symmetry of crystals. Elements of symmetry, their designation and interaction in crystals. Categories, classes and syngonies of crystals.
4. Cutting of ideal crystals. Simple forms and combinations. Forms of real crystals. Gayu's law. Crystallographic axes. Face symbols.
5.
Classification of rocks by origin. The relationship between the conditions of formation of rocks, their structure and properties. A brief analysis of the use of rocks in architecture.
6. The main types of igneous rocks. Forms of their occurrence, composition, structure and texture of igneous rocks. Distribution and description of igneous rocks. Reasons for the diversity of igneous rocks.
7. Main types of sedimentary rocks. Forms of their occurrence, composition, structure and texture of sedimentary rocks. Distribution and description of sedimentary rocks. Reasons for the diversity of sedimentary rocks.
8. The main types of metamorphic rocks. Forms of their occurrence, composition, structure and texture of metamorphic rocks. Distribution and description of metamorphic rocks. Reasons for the diversity of metamorphic rocks.
Assessment methods and criteria: Current and examination control.
Knowledge assessment methods: performance and defense of laboratory work, oral and written examination, test control.
Критерії оцінювання результатів навчання: • written reports on laboratory work, oral examination, control work 40%)
• final control 60% control measure, test), written-oral form (60%)
Порядок та критерії виставляння балів та оцінок: 100–88 points – (“excellent”) is awarded for a high level of knowledge (some inaccuracies are allowed) of the educational material of the component contained in the main and additional recommended literary sources, the ability to analyze the phenomena being studied in their interrelationship and development, clearly, succinctly, logically, consistently answer the questions, the ability to apply theoretical provisions when solving practical problems;87–71 points – (“good”) is awarded for a generally correct understanding of the educational material of the component, including calculations, reasoned answers to the questions posed, which, however, contain certain (insignificant) shortcomings, for the ability to apply theoretical provisions when solving practical tasks; 70 – 50 points – (“satisfactory”) awarded for weak knowledge of the component’s educational material, inaccurate or poorly reasoned answers, with a violation of the sequence of presentation, for weak application of theoretical provisions when solving practical problems;49-26 points - ("not certified" with the possibility of retaking the semester control) is awarded for ignorance of a significant part of the educational material of the component, significant errors in answering questions, inability to apply theoretical provisions when solving practical problems;25-00 points - ("unsatisfactory" with mandatory re-study) is awarded for ignorance of a significant part of the educational material of the component, significant errors in answering questions, inability to navigate when solving practical problems, ignorance of the main fundamental provisions.
Recommended books: Basic
1. Toropov N.A., Bulak L.N. Crystallography and mineralogy. L., Stroyizdat, 1972, 503p.
2. Popov GM, Shafranovsky G.G. Crystallography. Higher school, Lviv, 1968, 352p.
3. Kurovets MI Crystallography and mineralogy. Lviv, "World", 1996, p. 235c., Ch.II 214p.
4. Shaskolskaya MP Crystallography. M., "Higher school", 1976, 391p.
Auxiliary
1. Gumilevsky S.A., Kirshon VM, Lugovskoy G.P. Crystallography and mineralogy. M., "Higher school", 1972, 280 p.
2. Toropov N.A., Bulak L.N. Laboratory Workshop on Mineralogy. L., Stroyizdat, 1969, 240p.
3. Perepelitsyn V.A. Fundamentals of technical mineralogy and petrography. Subsoil - M .: 1987.
4. Lazarenko Ye.K. Course of mineralogy. Lviv "Higher school", 1959, 485p